Disease surveys and loss assessment studies on barley
1996
Yitbarek Semeane (IAR, Addis Abeba (Ethiopia)) | Bekele Hunde | Getaneh Woldeab | Dereje Tadese
In Ethiopia 23 fungi, 2 bacteria, 2 viruses and 9 nematodes have been found on barley. Early surveys identified smuts and rusts as the most important barley diseases and blotches of potential importance. Currently blotches are the most threatening diseases of the crop. Viral diseases were less frequent, currently up to 5 serotypes of BYDV are reported. Host range studies are limited to leaf rust. Inoculation tests in glass house using uredospores from grass and broad leaf weeds resulted in a non pathogenic response. Therefore, the rust was pathogenic only on the reported host as observed in the field. Studies on pathogen variability are limited to rusts and scald. So far four races are reported for Puccinia graminis and two races for Phordei. In Rhychosporium secalis about 19 pathotypes are recognized. Scald and netblotch cause a yield loss of up to 67 percent and 34 percent, respectively.
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