Cows and beef cattle handling costs with different production scale and mechanization levels
1996
Okularczyk, S. | Novak, T. | Sowula, E. (Instytut Zootechniki, Balice (Poland))
Technological and human labour costs were calculated. With the highest scale of management (316 cows) and the highest mechanization level (first), the annual cost of handling 1 cow was 300.9 zloty, followed by 180.3 zloty with 140 cows and third mechanization level. The costs of handling one fattener with the first mechanization level and the scale of 137 fatteners was 153 zloty per annum, and 81.9 zloty with 150 fatteners and the third mechanization level. On farms with a low livestock density and a high level of technology, the unit costs of handling were the highest. Production mechanization costs raised the costs of animal management more than human labour costs
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