Research methodology for rubber-based crop-animal systems in Indonesia
1995
Anwarhan, H. (Crop-Animal Systems Research Collaborative Project (AARD-IDRC) (Indonesia))
In Indonesia about 25 million ha of dryland are considered marginal. They are dominated by red yellow podsolic soils which are poor and acidic (pH 4.5-5.5). Food crops grown on the land do not produce satisfactory yield and income. Rubber-based crop-animal systems research conducted in Batumarta, South Sumatra, Indonesia, during 1985-91 showed that through the integration of rubber, food crops (rice, maize, cassava, grain legumes), and animals (cattle, goat, and chicken), the income of transmigrant farmers increased from Rp 1.2 million for traditional farming to Rp 2.1 million for improved crop-animal farming systems (Farming Systems Model C). In net value, the contribution of food crops was 30%, rubber 53%, and animals 17%. Transmigrant farmers tend to shift to rubber while maintaining the food crops for self-sufficiency. Animals are potentially very important. Among food crops, lowland rice showed the biggest contribution (24%), followed by upland rice (21%), and cassava (20%). Among animals, cattle showed the biggest role with 57% contribution, followed by chickens (27%) and goats (16%). Interdisciplinary research and inter-institutional linkages are useful in helping farmers to identify constraints in adopting new technology and to overcome the constraints. A revolving fund management system was satisfactory and was managed by farmers with guidance from the research and extension personnel
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