Breeding, screening and evaluation strategies for maize ear rot resistance
1995
Nowell, D.C.
The maize ear rot epidemics of 1986 to 1988 in South Africa resulted in large economic losses to the maize industry. This resulted in the urgent reassessment by maize breeders and pathologists of breeding, screening and evaluation strategies for ear rot resistance for the short, medium and long term. It was established that natural inoculum was not sufficiently reliable to produce uniform infections of sufficient severity necessary to effectively screen and evaluate germplasm. It was necessary to find new ways of inducing epidemics and develop effective evaluation methods. Commercial hybrids had to be reliably tested for resistance over a wide range of conditions and environments. Existing and new sources of resistant germplasm had to be identified and incorporated in hybrids. The different options for inducing ear rot epidemics and subsequent screening and evaluation methodology are discussed. Improvements in inbred and hybrid resistance and selection of germplasm are also discussed. The successes, problems, and failures of ear rot resistance evaluation and breeding are highlighted.
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