[Assessment of distribution of radionuclides in the course of processing of plant raw material]
1996
Ivanova, T.N. | Perepelyatnikova, L.V. | Gritsyuk, N.R.
Comparative data on the effectiveness of methods of industrial and domestic processing of plant products which decrease the content of radionuclides in foods are summarized. During the processing of potatoes to starch the main part of radiocesium (66,5 %) remains in the wastes which are used for feeding animals. The concentration of radionuclides in the final product was 40-370 times below permissible levels. Radiocesium concentration in sugar is by two orders of magnitude less than the permissible level. The wastes of sugar production (beet pulp, molasses) used as animal feed despite the low content of 137 Cs increase the flux of radionuclides in the chain "fodder-animals-foodstuffs". During the processing of buckwheat grain to grit up to 70 % of radiocesium are transfered to wastes and 17-37 % remain in unground buckwheat. Concentration of 137 Cs in juices is 18 Bq/l on the average, of 90 Sr - 0,3 Bq/l. In domestic conditions the effect of culinary treatment for the decreasing radiocesium content is 2-10 times. Methods providing the most effective reduction of radionuclide content in final products at minimum losses of nutritional value were identified. The results obtained confirm that under the conditions which have been formed at agricultural production of the Ukraine's contaminated territories at existing technologies of industrial processing of plant material with permissible levels of cesium refined foodstuffs - starch, alcohol, sugar as well as cereals and juices are practically clean and can be used without restrictions. Most part of radionuclides in the wastes of industrial production creates the problem of environmental contamination
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