Intra-population variation for agronomic characteristics in the durum wheat landrace "Safa Ma'an" (Triticum turgidum L. var. Durum)
1997
Al-Tabbal, J.A.
Two hundred and eighty six lines from tetraploid wheat (triticum tirgidum L. var. Durum) landrace "Safra Ma'an" were selected randomly during the 1994/1995 growing season. The whole population with three commercial check cultivars (Ascad 65, Hourani 27, and Amra) were evaluated at Maru Agriculltural Research Station during 1995/1996 growing season for 16 characters including grain yield per plant. The objective was to assess the magnitude of phenotypic variations for the several traits in the tetraploid wheat "Safa Ma'an" and to evaluate the potential usefulness of some of the traits identified. Results showed wide range of phenotypic variation for most characters. Monomorphism was common for juvenile growth habit, whereas the rest of the characters exhibited polymorphism in varying degrees. The lowest level of diversity was observed for juvenile growth habit and an intermediate to a high level of diversity for all the other characters. Considering all characters, the average diversity (H') for "Safra Ma'an" landrace was 0.65+0.047. There were 10 lines superior to best check (Hourani 27) for grain yield per plant. Subsequently, the population lines were clustered into six distinct groups at a distance of about 0.55 based on their similarity for all trials, Ascad 65 and Amra located in separate clusters whereas Hourani 27 cultivar was presented in cluster with most lines of "Safra Ma'an", while at a distance of 0.48, eleven clusters were obtained. Thirteen lines from the population showed a blueish green cast of glaucousness characters. Glaucous lines have greater tiller number, kernels per spike, spikelet fertility and spike density. In contrast, this character showed no significant association with grain yield per plant. It appears that selection for high yielding lines from "Safra Ma'an" wheat lanrace may be possible through indirect selection for several traits like plant height, thousands kernel weight, number of seed per spike and other traits of direct selection for grain yield per plant.
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