Influence of fertilizing on heavy metals accumulation in winter wheat
1998
Hanackova, E. (Slovenska Polnohospodarska Univ., Nitra (Slovak Republic))
The influence of different systems of winter wheat cultivation on the accumulation of lead, cadmium and mercury in soil and plants was studied in a field station experiment. The sources of higher lead in soil are exhaust fumes from combustion engines together with stable manure with a lead content in the range from 1.1 to 2.3 mg Pb kg** (-1) dried mass. Out of the determined amount of lead in soil only 1.2% of the Pb is accumulated in grain and 3.1% in straw. Values for cadmium uptake by plants are often double the content of the element in soil. Cadmium sources are mainly superphosphates with 1.25 to 6.25 mg Cd kg** (-1) fertilizer. The mercury sources are mainly fungicides but also fertilizers. The above-ground phyto-mass can take up 20 to 60% mercury from its soil content. It is substantially more accumulated in straw than in grain. The lead content in soil moderately rises due to organic fertilizing, while the conventional one (low input) increases the content of cadmium and mercury, especially in plants. However, values for lead, cadmium and mercury were far under the limit concentrations
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