Water quality changes in extensive and intensive culture of the jumbo tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon
1994
Baylon, C.C. (Philippines Univ. in the Visayas, Leganes, Iloilo (Philippines). Coll. of Fisheries)
A study was made to determine the changes in water quality of brackishwater ponds used for the extensive and intensive culture of jumbo tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon. Three 1,000 m square ponds were used for extensive culture where stocking density was 2 postlarvae/m square, the prawns subsisted on natural food and commercial pellet, and water management was through tidal exchange. Another three 1,000 m square, artificially aerated, water exchange was done with the aide of a pump, and the prawns were fed solely with commercial pellet. Prawn production obtained from extensive and intensive culture methods were 623 and 3,400 kg/ha, respectively. Analysis of bacterial flora from water samples taken from the six ponds showed mean log counts ranging from 2.10 to 4.63 cf/ml. The microflora was dominated by Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas and Bacillus, and there was no significant difference (P.05) in the number of bacterial genera from samples taken in extensive and intensive ponds. Water analysis showed that the fluctuation of values for dissolved oxygen and pH exhibited similar patterns for both culture methods. Higher transparency and lower values for total hydrogen sulfide, nitrite and total ammonia were observed in extensive ponds compared to intensive ponds. The data for the whole culture period showed minimal increases in the levels of total hydrogen sulfide, nitrite and total ammonia for extensive ponds while high concentrations of these parameters were obtained in intensive ponds during the last month of culture
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