Review of the Epipactis phyllanthes, Epipactis gracilis, Epipactis persica group and of its representation in the submediterranean beech forest of Italy, Greece, France, Spain and Bulgaria | Essai de synthese du groupe d'Epipactis phyllanthes, Epipactis gracilis, Epipactis persica et de sa representation dans les hetraies submediterraneennes d'Italie, de Grece, de France, d'Espagne et de Bulgarie
1999
Devillers, P. | Devillers-Terschuren, J.
A review of the Epipactis phyllanthes group is proposed. It is suggested that the group can be divided into three constellation. An Atlantic one contains only E. phyllanthes of the British Isles, Belgium, western France, northern Spain and probably Jutland. A Central European fluviatile ensemble comprises Epipactis albensis, centered on the Elbe and Morava river basins, Epipactis fibri of the lower Rhone and Epipactis confusa of the southwestern Baltic. A montane Mediterranean and Black Sea complex, here referred to as oro-tethyan, combines the variable Epipactis persica of western Asia, Epipactis troodi of Cyprus, Epipactis cretica of Crete, Epipactis gracilis of the Helleno-Balkanic and Italic peninsulas and of Sardinia, and E. fagicola of the Pyrenees and Cantabrian system. E. persica may be the stem species of the entire group and retains a number of primitive characters. All the species occur in specialised, biologically extremely valuable habitats in generally small and highly vulnerable colonies.
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