[Study on the degumming method of crude palm oil by using citric acid]
1999
Ketaren, S. | Adimulyo, B. | Simarmata, L. (Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia). Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian)
This research aim was to determine the degumming method, and the optimum concentration of citric acid obtained the good quality of the oil by analyzed the colour, the metal ion (Fe, Cu and Mg), peroxide value, iodine value, free fatty acid, the unsaponifiable matter and the yield. The degumming method (dry and wet) was not significant to the metal ion Mg, iodine value, free fatty acid; significant to the unsaponifiable matter; and very significant to the colour, the metal ion (Fe and Cu), iodine value, nitrogen value, peroxide value and the yield. The form of citric acid is not significant to the colour, the metal ion (Fe, Cu and Mg), phosphor and nitrogen value, peroxide value, iodine value, the unsaponifiable matter and the yield; and significant to free fatty acid content of the oil. The concentration of citric acid what nested in the form of citric acid is not significant to the colour, the metal ion (Fe, Cu and Mg), phosphor value, iodine value, the unsaponifiable matter and the yield; and significant to nitrogen value, peroxide value and free fatty acid of the oil. The best treatment of this research was dry degumming method by using citric acid solution of 200 ppm, and the characteristic of the oil produced as follows: the red and yellow colour 1.90 and 20.00, the metal ion (Fe, Cu and Mg) 0.24, 0.21 and 0.28 ppm, phosphor and nitrogen value 5.03 and 303.50 ppm, iodine value 52.50, peroxide value 0.20 meq/g, free fatty acid 3.47 percent, the unsaponifiable matter 1.00 percent and the yield 85.25 percent
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