Factors affecting alkaloid extraction from Duboisia myoporoides R.Br.
1994
Luanratana, O. | Tia, S. | Tepaitoon, W. (Mahidol Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Pharmacy. Dept. of Pharmacognosy)
Extraction of alkaloids from medicinal plants for analytical purpose usually utilizes extreme conditions to ensure complete extraction. Normally, the powdered leaf sample was mixed with calcium hydroxide and water, solvent was added and extraction was made by kinetic maceration. After a period of time the mixture was filtered and the extration was made once again. The combined filtrate was evaporated to dryness and chloroform was added to make 25 ml. From this solution, an aliquot of 2 ml was taken and shaken with acid. The aqueous acidic was collected and made into alkaline. The alkaloids were then extracted into chloroform which was subjected to GLC analysis. However, in commercial extraction the most effective conditions must be practiced in order to get low production cost. Various factors were studied including size, time, liquid/solid ratio, number of extraction, acid strength, speed etc. Extraction of coarse powder of Duboisia myoporoides leaf yielded higher yield of hyoscine than finer sizes. Extraction by kinetic maceration revealed that the liquid/solid ratio was more important than the time factor. Further studies are in progress.
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