Groundnut bud necrosis virus epidemiology in 1993-94
1997
Sopone Wongkaew | Jutharatana Chuapong (Khon Kaen Univ. (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Plant Pathology)
In 1993-94 crop years, three surveys had been made during the early rainy season (July-September), late rainy season (September-December) and dry season (January-March) to observe the epidemiology pattern of groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) in peanut and various crops. Altogether 85 locations in the East and northeastern Thailand were visited. Both diseased samples and thrips had been collected for further identification in the lab. By using ICRISAT anti GBNV and Agdia anti tomato spotted wilt virus-L and I in ELISA tests, diseased samples of most crops reacted only to anti GBNV indicating the absence of TSWV. Similar epidemiology pattern was observed during this period to that of the previous one in that high disease incidences were recorded only during the late rainy season and dry season. In early rainy season the disease incidence was less than 1 percent in most fields' eventhough they had as high as 10-15 percent incidence during the previous dry season. This outbreak pattern is considerably different from what is found in India. Likewise, the major thrips species found on peanut was Scirtothrips dorsalis but their number was not correlated with bud necrosis incidence. However, because it was the only species found in most plants it was suspected as a potential vector for GBNV in Thailand. Thrips palmi was found only on cucurbits, sweet pepper, tomato, and eggplants. This specie was indicated as a major vector of GBNV in peanut in India. It was hardly observed on peanut in Thailand.
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