Effect of in vitro envionmental conditions on somatic embryogenesis and its germination from nucellar calli of 'Ohta' ponkan (Citrus reticulata Blanco)
1999
Nagasawa, K. (Kyushu Tokai Univ., Choyo, Kumamoto (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture) | Tomomatsu, K. | Kunitake, H. | Komatsu, H.
Efficient procedure for the plant regeneration from nucellar calli of 'Ohta' Ponkan (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) via somatic embryogenesis is described. Nucellar calli were initiated on Murashige and Tucker (MT) medium containing 20mg/l adenine. 500mg/l malt extract, 30 g/l sucrose and 2 g/l Gellan Gum from undeveloped ovules of mature fruits and had a white, friable and nodular appearance. Somatic embryos were induced from the calli after transferring to MT medium containing 36.0 g/l lactose and 8 g/1 Gellan Gum. Cross sections of the calli on the somatic embryo induction medium revealed that process of embryogenesis was similar to that of nucellar embryony. Gellan Gum concentration in somatic embryo induction medium and number of Milliseals in culture vessel affected number, size and water content of somatic embryos. The improvement of these in vitro environmental conditions also promoted germination rate of somatic embryos on half strength MT medium containing 30 g/l sucrose and 2 g/l Gellan Gum. Water content of somatic embryo is important index for normal germination, and high germination rate were obtained in somatic embryos with 80 to 85% of water content. Regenerated plantlets were transferred to soil and then actively grown in a greenhouse
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