Management of eggplant shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee
1999
Gonzales, P.G.
The fruit borer underwent five larval instars and a pre-pupal stage when reared on eggplant chips at 26-28 deg C temperature and 78-80% relative humidity. It took only less than two hours for the first instar larvae to go under the calyx and bore into the tender portion of the young developing fruit. Larval damage was highest at the distal portion of the fruit. The larvae did not feed on the artificial diet for corn borer, corn earworm, and Spodoptera exigua fortified with ten percent eggplant fruit powder. Leucinodes orbonalis was successfully reared on the natural host. It took 7 changes of eggplant chips before the larvae pupated. Trichogramma chilonis was slightly more efficient than T. evanescens in parasitizing the eggs of L. orbonalis in test tube and in caged conditions. Slim Jim and Inaraw-araw varieties showed some degree of resistance but the yields were generally low. Dingras Long Purple and Dumaguet Long Purple produced more undamaged fruits than the other varieties tested. Intercropping eggplant with corn or stringbeans (pole sitao) did not significantly reduced infestations of L. orbonalis. Likewise, application of animal manures (cow, carabao and chicken manure) and a processed organic fertilizer (cocorich) did not significantly reduce fruit borer infestation but supported the plants with luxuriant growth especially the chicken manure. The integration of T. chilonis and sanitation reduced infestation of L. orbonalis by 15 to 35 percent in the field and increased yields by 35-100%
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