Study of poisonous rove beetle in central Thailand
1994
Warunee Sirikajornjaru
Investigation on biology, morphology and toxic effect of Paederus fuscipes Curtis and Philonthus paederoides Motschulsky was carried out in the laboratory. The maximum and minimum population densities of both species at Kamphaengsean, Nakornpathom were noticed from October-November and April respectively. Under laboratory conditions of 27+-3 deg C and 78+-3 percent RH, the female P. paederoides laid an average of 139+-1.87 eggs with incubation period of 3+-0.63 days. Mean durations of three instars larva and pupa were found to be 2+-0.76, 4+-0.53, 8+-0.74 and 7+-0.78 days respectively, while that of adult was 9+-0.98 days. Each developmental stage as well as morphological characters were described and illustrated. Extraction of toxin from fresh and dry specimens of P. fuscipes and P. paederoides was conducted using absolute methanol in Soxhlet apparatus and the yellowish-brown extract was obtained. The mass spectrum observed by Mass Spectrometer was 149, 263 and 264. The toxic effects on rabbits' skin was also studied by applying the mixture of 1 part extract and 1 part methanol to the skin. Toxin from fresh specimens of P. fuscipes was found to provoke the most severe skin dermatitis while that from dry specimens of P. paederoides showed slightly erythema and papule only.
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