Hastening urea treatment of rice straw with Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Koenth ex Walp or poultry manure and feeding value of treated straw with limited supplementations to dairy heifer
2001
Trung, L.T. | Lohani, M.N. | Bantugan, S.C. | Lapinid, R.R.
This experiment consisted of two studies: study 1 evaluated dried poultry manure (DPM) and Gliricidia sepium leaf (GL) as urease source for reducing urea treatment time of rice straw. In a 2x2x3 factorial arrangements in CRD, involving two sources of urease (DPM and GL), three levels of urease source (4, 8 and 12%) and 3 incubation periods (3, 6 and 21 days). Fifty four bags of 4% urea treated rice straw were randomly alloted to 18 treatment combinations. Untreated and urea-treated straw served as controls. Adding DPM/GL to urea treated straw increased the pH after 3 days (P0.05) with the exception of GL for 21 days. Urea treatment improved crude protein content of straw (P0.05), which increased further inclusion of DPM/GL (P0.05) with the exception of GL for 21 days. An improvement of more than 10 percentage units in vitro digestibility of straw was achieved by urea treatment for 21 days (P0.05). Inclusion of DPM/GL produced similar result as early as 3 days. DPM group showed better organic matter digestibility than Gl group. Study 2 was conducted to observe the effects of rice straw diet ( untreated and 4% urea treated with 12% DPM for 3-7 days), with limited supplementation (0.05 and 1.0kg as feed) on voluntary feed intake, digestibility and some physiological responses in cattle. In RCBD [randomized complete block design], six Holstein x Red Sindh heifers were used in 9 feeding trials, which comprised 6 sub-trials, each with 10-day adjustment and 14-day observation periods. Urea treatment improved in vitro digestibility of dry matter and organic matter (IVDMD and IVOMD) as well as in vitro apparent dry matter digestibility (IVADMD) of straw (P0.01), estimated using acid-insoluble ash marker. Supplementation significantly improved IVADMD (P0.01). Urea-treated straw increased blood-urea-nitrogen content of heifers (P0.01). Treated straw with O supplementation produced highest adjusted value of urea-N3 hours after the animal were fed (P0.05). Total serum protein was not affected by treatment of supplement. It was more economical to improve feeding value of rice straw by urea treatment than by concentrate supplementation
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