Heterosis pattern of yellow commercial corn hybrids from different seed companies
2002
Malinao, M.C. | Hechanova, S.L.S. (University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan 9407, Cotabato (Philippines). Dept. of Plant Breeding and Genetics)
Results of the study revealed highly significant differences on grain yield, days to tasseling and silking, plant height, ear length, number of kernels/row and no significant differences were noted in diameter, and number of rows/ear. Most of the crosses and progenitors displayed a regular kernels row. With respect to the shape of the upper surface of the kernels, most of the treatments exhibited a level shape of upper surface of the kernels. However, the endosperm color of the treatments falls into two categories, which were cream and pale yellow. Heterosis over the mid-parent for the yield ranged from 19.21% to 12.59% for high parent ranged from 27.76% to 7.51% and for standard heterosis ranged from 27.76% to 1.90%. Low levels of heterosis were noted for the days to taselling and silking with respect to mid-parent and high parent heterosis. For the plant height, most of the crosses, mid-parent, high parent, and standard heterosis exhibited negative values implying that the crosses have shorter plant height than the mid-parent, high parent and standard heterosis. For ear aspect and plant aspect of the crosses obtained a positive value implying good ear aspect and good uniformity of the plant. In ear diameter, almost all of the crosses displayed negative values in high parent. The number of kernels per row and number of rows per ear expressed negative standard heterosis. In this study, only cross B x D showed a good heterotic pattern among the crosses. Thus the progenitor of the cross B x D could be further selfed separably to generate inbred lines and utilized this in the formation of new hybrids
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