Biodiversity of soil fungi and plant pathogenic fungi in Sakhon Nakorn field soils

Isolation of microfungi from field soils in Sakhon Nakorn province, was conducted in June, September, December, 1996 and March, 1997. Different isolation methods were employed including soil dilution plate, baiting technique and rapid floatation sieving technique. Various isolating media such as Gochenaur's glucose ammonium nitrate agar, potato dextrose agar (PDA), PDA+BNPRA, Martin's medium and PCNB peptone agar were used. 43 genera, 101 species and 2 unidentified were isolated as follows; Acremonium blochii, A. kiliense, A. mumorum, A. strictum, Acremonium sp, Acrophialophora fusispora, Aspergillus allahabadii, A. carneus, A. erythrocephalus, A. flavipes, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. japonicus, A. melleus, niger, A. parasiticus, A. terreus, A. versicolor, A. wentii, Chaetomium cupreum, C. globosum, C. indicum, C. minutum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. oxysporum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Cuninghamella verticillata, Curvularia eragrostidis, C. lunata, C. prasadii, Emericella nidulans, Eupenicillium sp., Eurotium sp., Exserohilum holmii, E. prolatum, Fusarium chlamydosporum, F. eguiseti, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. solani, Fusarium sp., Gliocladium penicilloides, Gliocladium sp., Gongronella butleri, Gonytrichum macrocladium, Humicola fuscoatra, H. grisea, Metarhizium anisopliae, Monodictys fluctuata, M. glauca, Myrothecium cinctum, M. jollymannii, M. roridum, Nectria viridescens, Nectria sp., Neocosmospora vesinfecta, Nigrospora sacchari, N. sphearica, Paecilomyces lilacinus, P. marquandii, Papulaspora sp., Penicillium citrinum, P. funiculosum, P. janthinellum, P. oxalicum, P. perpurogenum, P. restrictum, P. sacculum, Penicillium sp., Periconia tiratupatiensis, Pestalotiopsis guepinii, Phialophora sp., Phoma destructiva, P. eupyrena, P. putaminum, P. leveiliei, Pyrenochaeta sp., Pythium aphanidermatum, P. deliense, P. graminicola, P. helicoides, P. myriothylum, P. oligandrum, P. rostratum, Rhinocladiella sp., Rhizopus oligosporus, Sclerotium rolfsii, Scolecobasidium constrictum, S. terreum, Stachybotrys atra var. microsporum, Syncephalastrum racemosum, Taralomyces sp., Thielavia terricola, Torula herbarum, Trichoderma hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. pseudokoningii, T. virens, Westerkydella sp., unknown 1 and unknown 2. Some of them are plant pathogens. Pathogenicity tests among 3 genera, 13 species, 47 isolates of soil microfungi were conducted on corn, cowpea, kenaf and sesame in the greenhouse. The results revealed that Fusarium chlamydosporium, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. solani, Fusarium sp., Pythium aphanidermatum, P. deliense, P. graminicola, P. helicoides, P. myriothylum, P. rostratum and Scerotium rolfsii could cause 0-90 percent infection to the host plants.