Sweet corn and baby corn improvement project
1997
Chokechai Aekatasanawan | Sansern Jampatong | Chamaiporn Aekatasanawan | Noppong Chulchoho | Chatpong Balla (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). National Corn and Sorghum Research Center)
Objectives of the Sweet Corn and Baby Corn Improvement Project were to develope inbred lines and hybrids of sweet corn and baby corn for the fresh market and processing, to use male sterility for improving the non-detasseled baby corn variety, to develop male-sterile (controlled by C cytoplasmic male sterility) and maintainer lines for seed production of sweet corn and baby corn, and to collect and form germplasm sources of sweet corn controlled by various genes for good adaptation in Thailand's conditions. Line improvement was done especially for the elite sweet corn inbred (SSWI 27) that were defect for some traits by crossing to the elite field corn inbreds (e.g., Ki 21) that possessed the desirable traits. Selfed (S3-S5) lines were evaluated by testcrossing with inbred (e.g., SSWI 114 and SSWI 76) and single cross (HSX 11476) testers and conducted at the National Corn and Sorghum Research Center, Nakhon Ratchasima. Moreover, diallel crosses among 8-10 lines of sweet corn and baby corn were done and Griffing's (1956). Method 4 analysis was used to obtain estimates of general and specific combining ability effects for parents and their crosses. For the non-detasseled baby corn, four and one selected male-sterile lines from IITA (Nigeria) and Guatemala were used as female in crossing with Suwan 2(S)C7. Suwan 2(S)C7 was backcrossed to Nigeria and Guatemala backgrounds five and two times, respectively. From results of the research and development, INSEE 1 (a sweet corn single cross developed from KSei 306 x SSWI 114) produced high yield with high eating quality (sweetness and tenderness) suitable for the fresh market and processing. For baby corn, Kasetsart 1 (a male-sterile and non-detasseled variety) gave higher good yield than Suwan 2(S)C7 (a fertile and detasseled variety).
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