Surface water and ground water pollution problems in the Upper Awash river basin, Ethiopia
2001
Adane Bekele (Addis Abeba (Ethiopia)) | Veli-Pekka,Salonen | Kirsti Korkka-niemi
The study area is the Upper Awash River Basin, in the central part of Ethiopia. The area holds the most densely populated and most industrialised part of the country. The main rock unit ranges in age from upper Miocene to Holocene and consists of consolidated volcanic and loose lacustrine and alluvial deposit. The difference in hydrologic proprieties in the rock unit and distribution of water point in the area led to classification of aquifer in the area into four based on ground water potential: very good, good, moderate and poor aquifer. Eighty surface and ground water samples were taken at two different times (dry and rainy season of the same year), physical and chemical analysis was done to measure the pH, EC, major cations, Po and subscript of 4 organic pollutes and heavy metals with the standard methods. Little and Big akaki rivers are polluted due to discharge of domestic and industrial wastes into them, without any treatment Sebeta river is slightly polluted by dairy farm, whereas Awash river at Ginchi and Tefki is in good condition. The infiltration of polluted Little Akaki river and leakage from sanitation system is the possible source that cause the pollution of ground water in the area.
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