What can biotechnology offer Africa? - Concrete examples
1999
Hoisington, D.A. | Ribaut, J.M. (Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico, DF (Mexico))
Scientists in CIMMYT's Applied Biotechnology Center are utilizing the technologies of molecular genetics, molecular biology and genetic engineering in col1aborative projects with the maize and wheat breeders around the world aimed at improving the efficacy of their programs. The Applied Genetic Engineering Team has developed procedures for successful1y I transforming CIMMYT maize and wheat germplasm. Projects are now aimed at inserting genes that confer resistance to the major maize lepidopteran pests and pathogen-related proteins of importance to CIMMYT's clients. The Applied Molecular Genetics Team is investigating the use of molecular markers in mapping and manipulating the genomes of maize and wheat. Recently, AMG scientists along with breeders in the maize program completed pilot projects to develop maize lines improved for insect resistance and drought tolerance via molecular markers. Scientists working as part of a joint project with ORSTOM are pursuing the goal of developing apomictic maize. Several approaches are being investigated including the introgression of I the apomictic character from Tripsacum, a wild relative of maizeisolation of the apomictic gene(s) from Tripsacumand identification of candidate genes which may be involved in the expression of apomixis. Final1y, the ABC provides several opportunities for training of, and col1aboratively works with, national program scientists to provide effective transfer of biotechnology to the scientists' own programs. These currently include projects with Kenya, Zimbabwe and a recently funded Asian biotechnology network, AMBIONET.
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