Identification of ethiopian wheat cultivars by seed storage protein electrophoresis
2000
Tarekegne, A. | Labuschagne, M.T. | Maartens, H.
Cultivar identification in wheat is an increasingly important component of genetic improvement programs and germplasm management strategies, protection of Breeders' Rights, quality control and grain marketing. Protein composition is a valuable indicator of genotype genetic identity because protein synthesis is under direct genetic control. Single seeds of Ethiopian bread (15) and durum (10) wheat cultivars and lines were identified on the basis of gliadins and high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) glutenin subunit (as) banding patterns separated by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAaE). HMw-as, failed to distinguish the cultivars adequately. Gliadin and LMW -as banding patterns were unique for all cultivars and lines studied, and hence were able to distinguish adequately between wheat genotypes. Therefore, electrophoresis of seed storage proteins are useful in a cultivar development program for germplasm management, seed certification, quality control and registration of newly released wheat cultivars.
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