[Genetic taxonomy of abies-obovata spruce species complex and evolutionary-genetic background of European and Siderian spruce forests]
2003
Goncharenko, G.G. (Gomel' State University n.a. F.Skorina, Gomel' (Belarus))
With the help of gel electrophoresis method the author analyzes 29 natural populations of closely related forms of spruce species of abies-obovata complex. These spruce species grow in Eastern Europe and Siberia. The study reveals 103 allelic variants at 25 loci. Nei's distance coefficient (Dn) is used to estimate the level of genetic differentiation among various related forms of the abies-obovata spruce species complex. It is demonstrated that on the territory occupied by the abies-obovata spruce species complex there are only two distinct taxa, P. abies and P. obovata P abies, or "pure" Norway spruce, populates the regions of Baltic countries, Belarus and the Carpathians, while P. obovata, or "pure" Siberian spruce, populates the vast regions of Central Siberia. Hybrid spruce, P. xfennica, can not be viewed as an independent taxon; it is similar in the gene pool to P. abies and sharply contrasts with P. obovata. The obtained genetic data unambiguously indicate that the geographic range of P. abies is not confined to the Fore-Urals; it also grows throughout the Transurals. As a result, the western border of Siberian spruce geographic range should be moved much more in an eastward direction than the present border of its distribution. The paper demonstrates certain correspondence between spruce taxa divergence period measured according to Nei's scale (1975) on the one hand and paleontologic and palynological data on the other hand
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