Balance analysis of foreign trade exchange of agricultural commodities
2003
Djorovic, M.T. (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd - Zemun (Serbia and Montenegro))
The well known events from 1989-2001 have provoked adverse effects on the foreign trade exchange of our economy on the whole including agriculture. These changes were analyzed using indices for the subperiods 1989-1992 and 1998-2001. The foreign trade exchange balance was negative during both subperiods having an aggravating trend during the analyzed period with regard to the total economy. Export covering import declined from 78.09% to only 47.71%. The positive balance of agricultural commodity exchange in the first four years was transformed to a negative exchange balance in the second four years. Export covering import declined from 164.79% to 78.58%. There was a significant disturbance of commodity and regional structure exchange. The share of agriculture in the total export was increased from 13.84% to 18.16%. Commodities of plant origin predominated in the export. The share of domestic export to the developed countries declined, impovering export results and increasing import dependence. Therefore, enhancing and harmonizing the agricultural production structure with the requirements of the domestic and foreign trade presents the major goal of the future development of agriculture, its foreign trade exchange and the economy on the whole. In addition, the initiated processes of liberalization in foreign trade exchange of agricultural commodities need to be harmonized with the dynamics and stage of production development of these commodities.
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