The influence of changes in structure of agriculture on the social development of rural areas
2003
Loo, A. (Estonian Agricultural University, Tartu (Estonia). Inst. for Rural Development)
A strategy for studying Estonian social development has been worked out in the Institute for Rural Development. Mentioned research strategy contains two complementary sides: first, regiometrical analysis of indicators of development situation of all local authorities; the second, a series of comparative and connected economic - sociological surveys. An overview of those research results, which can be explained by reconstruction processes of agrarian sector and whole rural society during recent ten years, is given in the presentation. The results of investigation of the labour potential of Estonian agriculture in 1980-ies on the integrated level are summarized through the typology of agricultural enterprises: 'weak', 'rising', stagnated' and 'strong' farms. Analogical principles, but according to different indicators, the typology of rural municipalities was composed. In the social development of rural municipalities four typical situations and development scenarios can be distinguished. The two key indicators are the functional success of a rural municipality and the synthesised indicator of the rural municipality's structural conditions. 48 'leaders'- versatile successful development; 52 'fallers'- weak results although conditions are relatively good; 50 'risers'- relatively good results despite quite poor conditions; 47 'loosers'- decline and periphery. The influence of changes in stucture of agriculture on the local development of rural life is expressed in three aspects: a) which developmental levels collective and state farms in these areas had 10-15 years ago, b) which is the developmental level of enterprise structure in these areas at the present moment, c) which structure is characteristic to agriculture as an activity at the moment (the size classes and production types of farms)
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