Agro-climatic effects and stability analysis of plant height, flag leaf area, number of productive tillers and grain yield in spring wheat
2002
Tajammal, M.A. | Hussain, A. (Federal Seed Certification and Registration Dept., Islamabad (Pakistan))
Ten varieties of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed at different breeding institutes were evaluated at nine locations for two years in Pakistan and Azad Jammu & Kashmir for various interactions. Genotype location, genotype year and genotype location year interactions were found highly significant for plant height, flag leaf area, number of productive tillers per meter and grain yield. The magnitude of interaction variance components viz., sigma (power-2) gl and sigma (power 2) gy reflected that relative performance of these characters was more inconsistent across the locations than years. Thus, testing of genotypes at more locations for evaluation of these characters, seems more efficient than testing over more years. Based on stability parameters i.e. Si (power 2), Cvi%, Wi (power 2), sigmai (power 2)bi, deltai (power 2), and Ri (power 2), Inqilab-91 and Pirsabak-85 indicated good stability for plant height and flag leaf area respectively under all types of environment, whereas, Rohtas-90 showed stability for flag leaf area and number of productive tillers per meter, and Pasban-90 and Inqilab-91 reflected stability for grain yield under low yielding environments. Plant height and flag leaf area indicated significantly positive association with grain yield, and number of productive tillers per meter showed significantly negative association with grain yield at certain locations. However, degree of correlation was inconsistent over the environments. It revealed that under appropriate agro-ecological conditions, concurrent selection for high grain yield based on plant height and flag leaf area is possible. The results suggest that for the development of superior varieties with stable characters, effect of environmental factors such as temperature, precipitation and soil fertility and their interactions on the expression and relationship of characters should be considered greatly in breeding programmes.
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