Catalytic thermolysis dhab (Typha angustata) to produce furfural and active carbon
2002
Zulfiqar, W.
Dhabb (Typha angustata ) was used as a raw-material for the production of furfural and active carbon , using HCl and H2SO4 as hydrolyzing agents for different digestion times (100 and 140 minutes in the presence of added salt catalysts ( NaCl, CaCl2 ,AlCl3 and ZnCl2) keeping solid liquid ratio of 1:8. Yield of furfural was estimated calorimetrically using spectronic-20. Whereas, the adsorption capacity of active carbon was evaluated by using iodine and methylene blue indices. The study revealed that furfural yield increased with the increasing 100 to 140 minutes. In contrast to it yield of active carbon decreased with increasing digestion time Moreover, H2SO4 gives higher yield of furfural than HCl under all sets of conditions. Whereas active carbon increased with both acids HCl and H2SO4 by increasing the digestion time. It was observed that furfural yield increased with increasing concentration (14% to l6%) of HCl while decreased with increasing concentration of H2SO4 at both digestion times and with all salt catalysts. Maximum yield of activated carbon was obtained with HCl. HCl was proved to be a promising activating agent for the complete prepare high quality active carbon but H2SO4 was found to be better hydrolyzing agent for production of furfural. The study showed that the maximum yield of furfural was obtained With ZnCl2 (17.46 % ) Using 14 % H2SO4 With ZnCl2 as a catalyst at 140 minutes. The yield of active carbon under these conditions is 21.2 %. Maximum yield of active carbon (36.5 %) was obtained with 14 % HCl using AlCl3 as salt catalyst at l00 minute's digestion time. Whoever, keeping economic factor into consideration the residue after the extraction of furfural using 14 % H2SO4 with ZnCl2 as a catalyst and digested for 140 minutes, can be activated to get a good quality active carbon (mg, of methylene and mg of l2) in appreciable yield (21.2 %). This active carbon can be used for water purification.
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