The ground-cover rice production system (GCRPS): a successful new approach to save water and increase nitrogen fertilizer efficiency?
2002
Lin, S. | Dittert, K. | Tao, H. B. | Kreye, C. | Xu, Y. C. | Shen, Q. R. | Fan, X. L. | Sattelmacher, B.
To evaluate a new production technique for rice, the so-called ground-cover rice production system (GCRPS), three field experiments were started in 2001 at three locations (Beijing, Nanjing, and Guangzhou) representing a wide range of environmental and agricultural conditions. Within these experiments, water balance (precipitation/irrigation, surface runoff, leaching, evaporation and evapotranspiration), nitrogen balance (plant uptake, leaching, N2O and NH3 emissions), and greenhouse gas emissions (N2O and CH4), were determined. Preliminary data demonstrate that the GCRPS reduced water demand by up to 60% and increased water-use efficiency by 54% in Beijing. Yields under the GCRPS were 11-31% lower than in paddy rice. Lower soil water content during the tillering period and deficiency of nitrogen and microelements might be responsible for these lower yields (particularly in Beijing). Nitrogen fertilizer-use efficiency (isotope 15N method and difference method) was lower in the GCRPS treatments than in the paddy rice system. However, pot experiments indicate a substantial improvement of 10-20% in the very low nitrogen-use efficiency of 20-40%, which is frequently reported for paddy rice.
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