Simple grass/legume mixtures in warm and dry south-western region of the Slovak Republic
2003
Volosin, J. | Rovas, M. | Majernik, F. | Zmetakova, Z. (Grassland and Mountain Agriculture Research Inst., Banska Bystrica (Slovak Republic))
The objective of the research was to investigate productivity in a range of fifty-three simple grass/legume mixtures in a warm and dry southwestern region of Slovakia (mean annual temperature 9.7 degree C, temperature over a growing season 16.6 degree C, total annual rainfall 580 mm, rainfall over a growing season 323 mm). Research trials were carried out over seven years between 1991-1997. The trials were established at a site with Fluvi-eutric Gleysol soil type in a flat part of the Nitra river valley, in the spring in 1991 and 1992, respectively. The underground water table is 1.2 - 2.0 m with a tendency to decrease from spring to the summer and consequently it becomes less available to the sward (except for the grass/lucerne mixtures). During the research, PK-fertilizers were applied to the mixtures resp. at the rates of 35.2 kg P 83.0 kg K.ha-1. From 1994 onwards, N-fertilizers split into two dressings were applied in the spring and after the first cut. The research showed that growing grass/legume mixtures on arable land was well founded also under conditions of intensive management. However, it is very important to choose the grass and legume species and cultivars suitable for the existing site and with good yielding capacity. Mean dry matter production was 10.26 t/ha in the short-term mixtures comprising Lotus corniculatus, 10.67t/ha in the mixtures with Medicago sativa, 8.71 t/ha in those with Trifolium pratense, and 8.95 t/ha in the mixtures containing Trifolium repens where also favorable data for the research years, cuts and mixture treatments were recorded. Mean dry matter production of the long-term mixtures was 8.69 t/ha and showed that Medicago sativa as well as Lotus corniculatus were appropriate components of the grass/legume mixtures (mean dry matter yield in those with M. sativa was 13.28 t/ha) but growing T. pratense without irrigation would be problematic in the dry and warm area
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