Biological properties of a low virulent swine fever virus Kampaengpet 1/1993 isolate (KPP1/1993)
1998
Wasana Pinyochon | Sudarat Damrongwatanapokin | Sujira Pachariyanon | Urasri Tantasawasdi (Department of Livestock Development, Bangkok (Thailand). National Institute of Animal Health)
Swine fever virus (SFV) KPP1/1993 isolate was recovered from a 8 weeks-old pig from a farm in Kampangpet province where a chronic swine fever outbreak occurred. This isolate was considered as a low virulent strain as it caused mild clinical signs with characteristic haemorrhagic papular dermatitis in experimental pigs. The pigs could survive with persistent viremia as long as 48 days postinoculation. Biological properties of KPP1/1993 isolate was studied in comparison with reference ALD, GPE- (vaccine strain) and BKK/1950 (virulent strain) by observation on growth characteristic in various cell lines including PK-15, CPK, ST, SK-6 and FS-L3. Study on End (Exaltation of Newcastle disease virus), characteristic, interference (IF) phenomena and cross neutralization/reaction with reference anti-sera and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against SFV, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and border disease virus (BDV) were included. The results revealed that KPP1/1993 was a cytopathogenic strain causing the cytopathogenic effect (CPE) in FS-L3. The strain was END- virus which interfered the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). KPP1/1993 was more effectively neutralized by anti-sera to BVDV than BKK/1950 and ALD as revealed by cross neutralization test. Nevertheless, the virus reacted only with mAbs specfic to SFV but did not react with mAbs specific to BVDV or BDV. This study suggests the unique biological characteristics of this isolate which may play and important role in the perpetuation of the disease in the field. With cytopathpogenic characteristic of the virus in FS-L3 cell line, CPE observation will be facilatated the antibody detection technique in comparison with a standard procedure.
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