Low input-cultivation method for soybean in Indonesian cropping systems
2002
Igita, K.,Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba (Japan)) | Adie, M.M. | Suharsono | Tridjaka
In tropical countries like Indonesia, the incidence of high population of insect pests which seriously damage soybean plants poses a major constraint in soybean production. Since chemical control using insecticides is not completely justifiable, the use of resistant soybean varieties has been resorted as an alternative. Until recently, only some soybean varieties with moderate resistance to insect pests have been reported. The present project was conducted to breed soybean cultivars with higher resistance to Spodoptera litura, a foliage feeder, using moderately resistant varieties. The results of preference and antibiosis test showed that five soybean genotypes were resistant to S. litura. The data obtained from F1 and F2 plants derived from crosses between susceptible commercial cultivar, Wilis and resistant genotypes, as well as from their reciprocal crosses indicated that the resistant character is controlled by one major recessive gene. This gene was introduced into Wilis by backcrossing and the resistance level of progenies was evaluated using antibiosis test. Resistant BC4F3 breeding lines have been selected from the progenies of Wilis and four resistant germplasms crosses. Resistant genotypes and breeding lines showed less damage by the defoliator used than the susceptible ones under the different insecticides spraying schedule followed. Genotypes with either higher susceptibility or resistance than parents were obtained from F2 population of moderately resistant germplasm crosses indicating that their resistance genes were different from each other and that their accumulation could possibly lead to genotypes with higher level of resistance. On the other hand, breeding for resistance to pod borer and stinkbug is still in very early stages and needs to be pursued
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