Root diseases of soybean (Glycine max L., Merrill) in relation to proportion of this plant in crop rotation
2001
Patkowska, E.
The studies were conducted during 1996-98 on an experimental field in Lublin, Poland. The subject of the studies was soybean cv. Polan, cereal - soybean crop rotation system after spring wheat, wheat, and in monoculture. Te studies showed that the greatest number of seedlings (from 88 to 90 per 1 square m) grew on plots of crop rotation I, i.e. with 25 percent participation of soybean. The smallest density of seedlings per 1 square m (from 61 to 70) was found in the plots with monoculture. During the second series of observations performed at anthesis, the number and healthiness of plants were similar to the results achieved for 6-week-old seedlings, and only a slight loss of plants per 1 square m and a small increase of the number of infected plants were observed. The roots and stem base of soybean cultivated in monoculture and crop rotation were most frequently infected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glycines, F. solani, F. culmorum, Phoma exigua var. exigua, Pythium irregulare and Rhizoctonia solani. Monoculture and a 75 percent proportion of soybean in crop rotation contributed to the increase of the populations of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glycines, F. solani, F. culmorum, and to a considerable decrease of the numbers of Gliocladium spp., Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp.
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