Using rice cultivar LGC-1 as a dietary food for patients with kidney disease
2003
Nishimura, M. | Horisue, N. | Imbe, T. | Sakai, M. | Kusaba, M.
The steep rise in medical expenses has become a public concern because of the increase in number of the elderly population. In particular, the high cost of blood dialysis is a very important consideration for patients with kidney disease. The number of patients who receive a blood dialysis is estimated to be about 15,000 persons per year. Limiting protein intake is one effective treatment. A rice cultivar with a low protein content in the endosperm is required to help as a dietary cure. The major proteins, glutelin and prolamin, accumulate separately in two different protein bodies. Glutelin is stored in protein body type II (PB-II) and prolamin in protein body type I (PB-I). PB-I is indigestible in the human body, whereas PB-II can be easily digested. LGC-1 is a low-glutelin and high-prolamin cultivar originating from a rice mutant. It can be used as a low-digestible-protein rice. This study was conducted to clarify the efficieny of LGC-1 as a main dietary food. Patients suffering from kidney disease before blood dialysis in two hospitals had 90% milled rice of LGC-1 for 6 mo. In patients who ate more LGC-1, the protein content in the blood and the total protein intake decreased significantly. Moreover, the scores for 1/creatinine standing to gauge the ability of the kidney to function improved. On the other hand, in patients who are less LGC-1, these scores did not improve. Some cultivars were developed using LGC-1 as a cross parent. They also had low glutelin content and thus are suitable as a low-protein rice. From these results, we recommend cultivars with low glutelin content as a dietary food for patients with kidney disease. To use LGC-1 as a dietary food, it is important to consult a doctor or a dietitian since the effectiveness of LGC-1 showed differences.
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