Hanfetze - An old but novel integrated control of leaf blight disease
2004
Yahyaoui, A.H. | Grando, S. | Ceccarelli, S. (ICARDA, Aleppo (Syria)) | Wolday, A. | Bereket, T. (Department of Agriculture Research and Human Resource Development, Asmara (Eritrea))
In Eritrea, farmers are faced by frequent disease epidemics, particularly during rainy seasons. During the main growing season, humid and warm conditions enhance foliar disease development. The endemic and most severe cereal diseases in Eritrea are leaf rust (Puccinia recondita) and yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp tritici) on wheat, and a number leaf blight diseases on barley. The most severe diseases on barley are net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), spot blotch (Bipolaris sorakiniana), and scald (Rhyncosporium secalis). Other barley diseases such as bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas transluscens) and septoria (Septoria passerinii) were observed. The cultivation of Hanfetze, a wheat-barley mixture, is an old but innovative approach utilized by Eritrean farmers to control foliar diseases in their cereal cropping system. Farmers manage not only to reduce disease incidence but also minimize drought risks by using the Hanfetze method. During dry seasons the barley in the mixture will ensure some production, and in the rainy season the wheat will make use of the moisture and will not only give better yields but also serve as a tutor to barley, reducing lodging. Bread wheat is highly susceptible to leaf rust, and yield losses up to 80% are common. Scald and net blotch often cause severe losses to the barley crop. Wheat in mixture with barley, shows less rust infection and good yields are obtained. Likewise for barley, the spread of leaf blight diseases is reduced, crop stand is improved, and better yields are obtained. A slight problem of this system is the maturity range in the mixture. This indigenous knowledge could be improved by developing a de novo Hanfetze that mixes barley and bread wheat that have close maturity range, plant height, and better quality for their use as food
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