Search for new industrial seed oils
1998
Khanit Kritnangkun, King Mongkuts' Univ. Technology Thonburi, Bangkok (Thailand). School of Bioresources and Technology
Three hundred and forty six seeds were analyzed for their fatty acid compositions. Fatty acid methyl ester was prepared by direct transmethylation of the oven dried seed with methanolic H2SO4 (4 percent). Total lipid and fatty acid composition were determined by gas chromatography. Total lipid of the seed varied widely from 0.28-65.0 percent (dry weight). About 40 percent of the seeds contained lipid greater than 15 percent which might be developed for industrial uses. The common fatty acid of all seeds are linoleic, by palmitic and stearic acid. Linoleic and oleic acid predominated in all seeds, followed by palmitic and stearic acid. The olils were tentatively categorized for use in food, oleochemical industries and as diesel fuel substitutes. Seed oils of Cucumis spp., Jatropha podagrica had very low saturated fatty acids and were suitable for human foods. The methyl ester of Citrus spp. (especially Citrus aurantium: orange). Mimusops egengi, Azadirachta indica, lrvingia malayana, Manilkara anchras and Annona squamosa seed had very high centane indices which might be potential sources for diesel subsitute. Seed oils of Irvingia malayana, Jatropha podagrica, Moringa oleifera and Prunus persica could be used as raw materials for olechemical industries. Oils of Lepionures syvestris, Momordica charntia and lxora ebarbata seed had very high content of unusual fatty acids which had not been identified. The mass-spectra were not listed in the National Bureau standard.
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