Effect of soil and water conservation on yield of corn and cassava with particular reference to cover cropping in the Northeast
1995
Chumpol Konsilapa | Sumol Sophakorn (Land Development Department, Bangkok (Thailand))
Field study was made on the growing of four legumes, included; cowpea (Vigna unquiculata), black cowpea, red cowpea, and mung bean (Vigna radiata), as inter - cover crops in corn at a population of 16,000 plants/rai, and in cassava at the population of 16,000, 32,000 and 48,000 plants/rai on Pakchong Soil Series and Satuk Soil Series, the Northeast Province, from April, 1988 until May, 1990. The results from inter - cover cropped with 4 legumes for 2 years indicated that at a population of 16,000 plants/rai, there was no significant difference on plant height and seed yield of corn. Average yields of corn obtained from 4 legumes as inter - cover crops were about 659 to 662 kg/rai, when compared to 657 kg/rai from corn with no inter - cover cropping. Cowpea showed the most profitable to conserve soil moisture, reduce soil temperature, and increase a farm income up to 627 baht/rai. As a result of growing cowpea, black cowpea, red cowpea, and mungbean for inter - cover cropping at three different rates of plant population in cassava. There was no significant difference of plant population on growth and yield of cassava, but some differences in kinds of plants. Average root yields of cassava obtained from cowpea, red cowpea, and mung bean as inter - cover crops were about 2.41-2.58 ton/rai and showed no significant difference when compared to the yield of 2.48 ton/rai from growing cassava alone. Crowing of black cowpea as inter - cover crop gradually decreased yield of cassava to 1.63 - 1.78 ton/rai. Actually, cowpea at a population rate of 32,000 plants/rai showed the most valuable inter - cover crop in cassava to reduce soil temperature, conserve soil moisture, control of soil erosion, and increase farm income up to 756 baht/rai.
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