Vegetative growth and cropping of "Jonagold" and "Holiday" apple trees, at two planting densities, as influenced by rootstocks, during nine years after planting
2005
Wrona, D. | Sadowski, A.(Warsaw Agricultural Univ., Warszawa (Poland). Dpt. of Pomology and Basic Natural Sciences in Horticulture)
In autumn 1994 "Jonagold" and "Holiday" apple trees were planted in Warsaw-Wilanow on a fertile silty loam alluvial soil. Tree density was 1666 per ha in single row [4x1.5m] or 7500 trees per ha in double-row system [(2.5+0.8)x0.8]. Trees on 5 or 6 different rootstocks were compared within each planting system. Height of budding was adjusted to both planting density and rootstock. It was relatively higher at higher densities and more vigorous stocks. After nine years "Jonagold" trees in the semi-intensive system (1666 trees per ha) showed the smallest trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) on P 16 stock, and the greatest on on M.26. The cumulative yield for 8 years (1996-2003) was the highest on M.9 and the lowest on P 16. The cropping efficiency coefficient (CEC) was the lowest on M.26. Growth of "Holiday" at the same density, similar to "Jonagold", was the weakest on P 16 and the strongest on M.26. The lowest total yield was obtain on P 60 and the higest on M.9. In the intensive, double-row planting system (7500 trees per ha), for "Jonagold", the highest TCSA was recorded on 62-396, significabtly lower on P 60 and on M.9, and the lowest on P 22. Growth of "Holiday" at the same density was the least vigorous on P 22 and on P 16, and the most vigorous on P 60. The cropping efficiency coefficient was the lowest on P 60 and highest on P 16 and P 22
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