[Modern technologies in fruit growing]
2006
Kawecki, Z.(Warminsko-Mazurski Univ., Olsztyn (Poland)) | Shalkevich, M.(The National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (Belarus). Institute of Fruit Growing, Samokhvalovichi) E-mail:[email protected]
The review of technologies currently used in fruit growing is represented. Brief characteristics of traditional (intensive) and pro-ecological (biological, biodynamical and integrated) methods of fruit production has been given. In fruit growing it is necessary to limit intensive manufacture with use of high dozes of mineral fertilizers, means of protection and regulators of growth and fructification. The basic way of output production in commodity orchards and on small fruit patches should become integrated one. Production of fruits and berries on country, personal plots and in agrotourists facilities should be based on an ecological method. Equally with others methods the characteristic of the integrated method of fruits production (IMFP) introduced in Poland in 1990 is given. IMFP includes different methods: agrotechnical, biotechnical, genetic, biological with due regard for requirements of economy, environment protection and people health. IMFP assumes controllable application of fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers application is based on the analysis of needs of plants in elements of a feed and their stock in soil. Very important element of IMFP is the control carried out at all production phases and including check over documentation, plantings in a facilities during vegetation of plants, quality of production. One of IMFP requirements is an opportunity of identification of a place of an origin of a product. In 2003 in Poland 831 certificate on apples, 96 - on wild strawberry, 55 - on black currant, 21 - on a blueberry high and 2 - on a cherry is given out. The EC supports development as a whole IMFP system so its separate elements
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