Recent cuban results on sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome. | Resultados cubanos recientes sobre el amarillamiento de la hoja en la caña de azúcar.
2002
Peralta, E.L., Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria | Chinea, A., Estación Provincial de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar , Matanzas | Arocha, Y., Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria | Ortega, E., Departamento de Fisiología de las Plantas, Universidad de La Habana | Capote, M., Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar | Piñón, D., Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar | Acevedo, R., Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar | Jones, P., IACR, Rothamsted, Inglaterra | Rodríguez, M., Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria | Martínez, B., Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria | Muñiz, Y., Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria | González, E., Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria | Sánchez, L., Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria | Carvajal, O., Estación Provincial de Investigaciones de la Caña de Azúcar , Matanzas
This paper resumes the Cuban results on sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome (YLS) studies. Phytoplasmas belonging to Aster Yellow and Western X groups had been associated to YLS in Cuba, in contrast with negative results regarding luteovirus, fungi and nematodes species. Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (n-PCR), followed by digestion of N-PCR products with HaeIII restriction enzyme (n-PCR/HaeIII) and leaf brix determination were established as laboratory and field diagnostic methods respectively. Validation parameters of each method are up to 98% and their compared efficacy was 90.32%. Studies on induced host changes showed morphological, physiological and biochemical alterations associated to this disease. The disease provokes sugarcane juice quality changes that were characterized by the increment of non-sugar carbohydrate concentration. Different yield components and agronomic indicators were lower in diseased plants. Results of Cuban Germoplasm Collection evaluation using Chinea’s scale had shown that 18% of represented genotypes are resistant to YLS (grade 2); 24% are intermediate (grade 3); 10% are susceptible (grade 4) and 48% had not shown yellow leaf symptoms. YLS had been detected in some of the commercial sugarcane varieties as C1051-73, C87-51, Ja60-5 and C266-70, but no symptoms had been detected in the 70% of advanced clones and new varieties in extension trials or introduction. Performed assays to clean infected plants using hot water treatment, meristem tip culture and electrotherapy had shown very low efficacy.
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