Influence of water deficit on the growth process and the productivity of grassland sward monoculture
2003
Gaborcik, N.,Technical University in Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences at Banska Stiavnica | Zmetakova, Z.,Vyskumny ustav travnych porastov a horskeho polnohospodarstva, Banska Bystrica (Slovak Republic). Vyskumna stanica Nitra
Two years (1999 and 2000) differ in an amount of rainfall during the growing season the growth process and the productivity of grass sward monoculture based on intergeneric hybrid (Festuca pratensis Huds. x Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was studied in a warm and dry region of south Slovakia (Nitra, 145 m elevation). The rainfall deficit in the second year of sward utilisation (2000) represents 56 % in comparison with the mean value of the long term average and/or 55.4 % as compared with 1999. The rainfall deficit reduced a leaf area index (LAI), net assimilation rate (NAR) and other investigated indices. The mean LAI value (average of three utilisation periods) decreased to 36.9 % and the NAR dropped to 39.3 % in comparison with 1999. The more drastic decline was evident for a crop growth rate (CGR) of the investigated sward, to level of 14.4 % compared to 1999. The shortage of rainfall in 1999 influenced a yield of the dry matter which was reduced from 10.898 t/ha (1999) to 5.273 t/ha (2000) that represents 48.3 %. The existence of the declined dry matter production in summer period (summer depression) was confirmed. The mechanism of water stress on grasses is also shortly discussed.
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