[Influence of cations composition of sod-podzolic loam sandy soils and fertilizers on productivity and grain quality of spring wheat]
2007
Bogdevich, I.M. | Seraya, T.M. | Putyatin, Yu.V. | Tavrykina, O.M., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry
Sod-podzolic sandy soils are characterized by wide range concerning the content of exchange cations and soil acidity. As a result of research it is established, that for reception of production of high quality depending on biochemical characteristics and minimum of radionuclides content higher indicators of cation structure of soil than for formation of high productivity of grain are required. Agroecological minima of 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides accumulation by spring wheat grain are marked at reaction PH 6,8 - 7,0, the content of exchange Са 1260-1380 mg/kg, at ratio Са2 +/Mg2 + = 3,1-3,5, the content of mobile potassium 420 mg/kg. Achievement of the above - stated agrochemical indicators demands the big expenses and can be justified only on the separate sites polluted by 90Sr if allows to receive food grain of higher quality with the admissible radionuclides content. As a result of research positive action of decrease in acidity of sod – podzol sandy soil on quality of grain of wheat is established. The protein content in grain on the background of PH 4,9 on the average on variants has made 11,8%, on the background PH 5,9-14,4%, on the background PH 6,8-5,6%. Protein gathering has made up to 392 kg/ha, 606 and 718 kg/ha accordingly. The greatest gluten content in grain is noted on the background PH 6,8 - 34,5%. The increase in the content of mobile potassium forms in soil from 104 mg/kg up to 299 mg/kg on the background of N90P6O application has increased the grain yield by 43%, the protein content - on 0,5%, as a result protein gathering has grown in 1,5 times. The increase in the content of mobile potassium forms in soil from 104 mg/kg to 167 mg/kg has promoted increase of the sum of critical and irreplaceable amino acids in grain of spring wheat and biological value of protein. At the further increase of level of soil potassium the tendency of decrease in biological value of protein has been noted
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