Callus induction and subsequent organ formation from anthers of Swainsona formosa cultured in vitro
2004
Zulkarnain((Universitas Jambi (Indonesia). Fakultas Pertanian))
The present work aimed at investigating the effect of IAA or IBA in combination with BA, kinetin, 2iP or zeatin at different concentrations on callus proliferation and subsequent organ formation from anther culture of Swainsona formosa. Cultures were incubated at 25 +- deg.C and 16/8 h photoperiod and light intensity of 50 micromol square m/2/s. The results indicated that IAA at 5.71 micro M or 57.1 micro M in combination with 44.4 micro M IBA produced the highest callus formation (26 percent). Meanwhile, with the use of IBA the highest callus formation (38 percent) was obtained with 49.3 micro M IBA + 0.44 micro M BA. Embryogenic calluses were subcultured onto a new medium with or without growth regulators, and environmental conditions similar to those of callus induction stage. Following two weeks of culture, callus grown on the hormone-free medium showed no further growth, turned chlorotic and died. Callus subcultured onto medium containing IBA + kinetin produced agglomerates of green small shoots without root, or produced roots without shoot. These shoots, however, were hyperhydrated, necrotic or chlorotic, and eventually died after 16 weeks in culture. Some of roots were short and thick with no root hairs, and grew from within the callus mass. Callus grown on medium supplemented with IBA + zeatin showed only further callus growth.
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