Flora of Iran (Compositae family, Lactuceae tribe: Leontodontinae, Scorzonerinae, Cichorinae and Scolyminae subtribes)

The Campositae is the largest family of vascular plants, The number of genera are about 950 and the species about 20000. They are distributed over most of the world and nearly in all habitats. The most of the species are herbaceous, although about 2 percent are trees or shrubs (mostly in tropical areas). The Campositae family is the most advanced group of vascular plants with specially characters. Lactuceae tribe is one of the most important tribe of this family which its taxonomy is the subject of this research. There are 107 species of the taxon in the country, which from these, 37 species are endemic for the flora of Iran. The taxon is consist of 4 subtribe, 16 Genus, 3 Subgenus, 12 Section, 107 Species, 7 Subspecies and 6 Veraiety, for determination of the mentioned above taxons, several identification keys is presented in this report. In this study not only some of the species were surveyed and collected in the field but also about 4000 herbarium specimens were determined in the Central Herbarium of Iran, Iran herbarium (Evin) and several other herbaria of the country. Lactuceae species are distributed in different habitats and localities in Iran, The species are adapted to the different ecological conditions so sometimes the habitat of one species is very different from habitats of others, But the species of each genus are like each other from the viewpoint of morphological characters. For determination of the specimens all of the related flores and papers was studied, after determination by use of morphological characters, the description of all of the taxons were written. In the end of the report the list of references is presented. The following results were obtained from this research: 1- The determination of all of the species on the taxon by use of morphological data. 2- Presenting new and record taxons for Lactuce tribe: Name of taxon Taxonomical position Journal & Date of publishing Scorzonera Koelpinoides New record species Iranian Journal of Botany, 1998 Pterachaenia Stwartii New record genus Iranian Journal of Botany, 2000 Scorzonera Ovata New record species Iranian Journal of Botany, 2004 Scorzonera Joharchii New species un published Scorzonera Luristanica var. lanata New variety un published Tragopogon Bornmuelleri var. latifolia New variety un published Scolymus Maculatus New record species un published