A Study On Some Seedlessness Aspects Of Banah( Pistacia Atlantica Subsp Mutica)
2007
Dehghani Shuraki, Y., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran. | Mirzaie Nadooshan, H., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran.
Pistacia atlantica subsp.mutica is a predominant and endemic species throughout the western open forest in Iran which seedlessness is a factor for limitation its regeneration. In this trial some of physiological aspects ending to seedlessness were studied. By reason of separation of male and female trees in this genus, incompatibility was major problem for seed production. So ratio of the male to female trees must be in a normal range of 9 to 12 percentage. Some liable aspects such as pollen tube penetration, embryo sac, endosperm, and embryo development up to 16 weeks after pollination were studied. Moreover, some lethal abnormality and abortions including ovule and ovary malformations were studied too. Collected samples were fixed in Carnoy's solution or FAA and/or glutaraldehyde and stored in 75% ethanol in the fridge up to processing time. Pollen tube was studied using aniline blue dye with UV light reflection. All samples for assessing the tissue or tissue problems were stained with toluodine blue O (TBO) and observed under a light Zise microscope. Data were analyzed by SAS analytical program and excel for graphs preparation. In conclusion, most of fruit abnormality and abortions were seen in the flowers located in lower part of the inflorescence and branchlets. A sort of gametophytic incompatibility was found in stigma tissue, which may be ended all to seed abnormality and abortion. These aspects mainly were megaspore mother cell abortion, stigma tissue failure to protect pollen and pollen tube, absence the embryo sac in the main place at nucellar tissue, embryo sac with unknown material. Moreover, degenerated embryo sacs, absence of embryo, disable embryos, broken growing embryos a while after anthesis, lack of endosperm and degeneration of the endosperm tissue in early and late growing periods. All mentioned factors found to be terminated to seedlessness in Pistacia atlantica subsp. Mutica Baneh).
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