Status Of Alfalfa Witches' Broom Disease In Alfalfa Fields In Yazd Province
2007
Esmailzadeh-Hosseini, S.A., Plant Protection Research Depts., Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Yazd | Dashtekian, K., Natural Resources Research Dept., Yazd Aricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Yazd | Salehi, M., Plant Protection Research Depts. Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Zarghan | Ghaiumi, M., Plant Protection Research Dept., Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Yazd
Alfalfa witches' broom (AWB) is the most important alfalfa disease in Yazd province. To evaluate the status of AWB, the alfalfa growing regions of Yazd province were surveyed in 2001-2004 and geographical distribution, infection rate and severity of AWB disease were assessed. Furthermore, the death rate of infected plants were evaluated during the summer and winter seasons. For sampling, five 1 to 3 years fields were selected randomly and sampling conducted in fifth harvesting. In each field sampling was carried out randomly at five points within a 0.5-m quadrate on a diagonal transect across each of the five fields. Infection of samples was based on characteristic disease symptoms and ELISA test using polyclonal antiserum. The results indicated that AWB is widespread all over the Yazd province except in Taft and Mehriz cities. The highest incidence was found in Chahgeer (up to 100%), Rezwanshahr (up to 100%), Milleshbar (up to 54%), Hassanqaraie (up to 39%), Rezaieae (up to 16%), Eshghabad (up to %10), Amirabad (up to 9%) and Yazd vicinity (up to 3%). About 6% of infected plants in 4th year stands were died during the winter in Esfandabad (Abarkouh, Yazd province). Furthermore, up to 9% death rate of infected plants were found in 3rd year stand in the summer in Rezwanshahr (Sadugh, Yazd province). Based on the results of this study among the cities in the Yazd province AWB is most widespread and severe in Abarkouh and Sadugh regions.
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