Study of heterosis and combining ability of yield and yield components in spring rapeseed.
2007
Amiri Oghan, Hassan | Shari`ati, Farnaz | Asadi, Morad | Tusi, Farhad | Kamyab, Fatemeh
Increasing of yield is the most important goal for plant breeders, but it is a complex trait with many different quantitative components and low heritability. So generally researcher prefers study the yield by related traits which have much less complexity. In this aspect, heritability of seed yield and its related traits in rapeseed winter type were studied by a diallel analysis. 38 genotypes including 8 lines and 28 F2 Progenies were grown in simple lattice design with two replications in Karaj Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. The results showed that variance of genotypes were significant for morphological traits, yield and yield components, quality traits, 1000 seed weight, biological yield and harvest index traitstherefore there were high genetic diversity among genotypes. Diallel analysis showed that only additive gene effects was involved in genetic control of days to complete flowering, duration of flowering, number of seed/pods, harvest index and % Oil. Whereas only non-additive gene effects were important for days to maturity, number of pods/plant and biological yield. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were involved in the control of days to initial flowering, plant height, number of branches and 1000 seed weight, with the first more pronounced. For the genetic control of seed yield and oil yield both additive and non-additive gene effects were equally important. Broad sense heritability was high for all traits (% 42 up to % 91.5). Traits as 1000 seed weight and number of seed/pods had moderate narrow sense heritability (% 38.66 and % 43.37, respectively). It was concluded that selection on number of seed/pods and 1000 seed weight traits can improve seed yield of rapeseed cultivars.
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