Basic and applied immunology in poultry: new vaccination strategies for disease control
2007
Rautenschlein, S., University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (Germany). Clinic for Poultry
Although vaccines are available for many poultry diseases, their efficacy is often not as satisfying as required. There is still the need to improve vaccination strategies for commercial poultry. During the last few years significant progress has been made in the understanding of the avian immune system. The availability of the chicken genome sequence has led to the identification of important genes involved in the immune response of chickens such as Toll-like receptors and cytokines, which may help in the future to identify new vaccine candidates and adjuvants. Advances in molecular biology provide tools for the development of new generation vaccines such as vector vaccines, DNA or subunit vaccines. The reverse genetic system opens up new possibilities to create new viruses, which can be used for example for the development of vaccines against avian Influenza or avian Metapneumovirus. New vaccine formulations have been tested such controlled release systems, ISCOMs, or virosoms. The addition of immune enhancing molecules such as CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides or cytokines has been tested to improve the efficacy of vaccines. Because of the large number of avian pathogens, this presentation will focus mainly on examples of new viral vaccine candidates.
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