Plantlet regeneration of Kappaphycus alvarezii var. adik-adik (Rhodophyta) by tissue culture
2006
Hurtado, A.Q. | Chemey, D.P. | Biter, A.B., Integrated Services for the Development of Aquaculture and Fisheries, McArthur Highway, Tabuc Suba, Jaro, Iloilo 5000 (Philippines)
Tissue culture by mutagenesis was used in the regeneration of Kappaphycus alvarezii var. adik-adik in order to micropropagate the plants and introduce new genetic variation and improvement of the currently farmed species. K. alvarezii var. adik-adik (brown, green and red) collected from a farming area in Tictauan Is., Zamboanga City, Philippines was used as explants in the study. Individual sections of sterile K. alvarezii var. adik-adik, initially cultured in a 48-well culture plate containing ESS/2 + E3 + PGR, released callus cells after 4-5 days of incubation at 23-25 C, 13:11 H LD cycle and 10-15 micromol/sq m/sec light intensity. True calli were formed after 29-35 days following dense formation of filaments or undifferentiated round cells at the medullary and inner cortical layers of the section. Calli formed were subjected to chemical mutagen using 1 micro g/micro l NTG at different exposure time (5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes). Recovery of calli cells after NTG treatment was observed after 30-50 days. Among the three variants, the red seaweed were the first to regenerate into young plants (2-10 mm long) after 68, 72 and 101 days' treatment of 5, 10, and 15 minutes' exposure, respectively, followed by the green plants at NTG 10, 15, and 20 mins exposure after 120, 152, and 104 days, respectively; and lastly by the brown plants at NTG 5 and 20 mins exposure after 158 and 120 days, respectively. Likewise, plantlets (2-3 mm long) untreated with NTG were able to regenerate after 98 and 177 days in vitro among the reds and browns, respectively. This study established successful methods for the production and regeneration of tissue explants of K. alvarezii var. adik-adik, and the use of mutagenesis of the same to develop strain improvements. Analysis of the genetic characters of the regenerants and of their growth in the field is yet to be undertaken.
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