[Commercial horticulture renascence in Russia]
2007
Minakov, I.,Michurinsk State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation)
The author analyzes horticulture in Russia. He emphasizes a low level of actual fruit and berry consumption per capita (43 kg), while the normal level is 75 kg. Only 25-30% of the minimum needed amount of fruit and berries is provided by domestic production. Horticulture appeared to be in crisis in spite of the output growth thanks to household plots. However, the share of commercial production on these plots is very low (10-15%). They deliver to the market only surpluses. An abrupt decline in the fruit production is observed in agricultural enterprises as a result of the reduction of the perennial plantations and their yields. The solution to the problem of fruit supplies includes effective use of products, loss reduction in the stages of production, storage, processing, transportation and marketing; increase of the yield capacity of existing gardens and berry beds, setting up new intensive plantations. An important premise for the horticulture renascence is creating an economic mechanism including: 1) self-adjustment based on the market relations (demand, supply and competition); 2) state adjustment based on economic tools. Horticulture cannot develop without government support (reimbursement, and credits, price control). The stabilization of fruit production needs creating some integrated structures of various types).
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