Diseases of the soybean root and basal stem | Bolesti korena i prizemnog dela stabla soje
2008
Jasnic, S., Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Vidic, M., Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia)
A large number of phytopathogenic fungi are capable of causing disease of soybean root and basal stem and soybean seedlings damping-off. Most frequent disease agents are Macrophomina phaseolina (charcoal rot), Rhizoctonia solani (Rhizoctonia root and stem rot) and Fusarium species (Fusarium wilt and rot of the root and root collar). These fungus species cause seedling damping off before of after emergence and root and basal stem rot which results in the wilting and drying of infected plants. The infections start in the root and spread to the basal part of the stem. The causal agents of these diseases subsist in the soil in the form of mycelia or sclerotia (resting organs of M. phaseolina and R. solani) or mycelium and chlamydospores (Fusarium spp.). Cultivation practices are typically used for soybean protection. Crop rotation is most efficient in controlling the diseases of the root and basal stem.
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